网络条件下的校对工作与校对人员素质

网络化促使校对职能从单纯的校异同扩展到校是非,从对着原稿校对到无稿读校,校对工作成为编辑工作的延伸和补充,对校对人员的素质提出更高的要求。     

辅以校对软件条件下的编校工作重点

根据对10本使用过计算机校对软件的中文科技类书刊的检查,发现有8种错误没有被计算机校对软件查出。据此讨论在辅以计算机校对软件的条件下,为保证出版物的编校质量,编辑校对人员在工作中应该重点关注的方面。认为只有校对软件与人工编校取长补短,才有可能得到最好的校对结果。     

竞争情报系统中一种自动文本分类策略——以民用航空客服行业为例

将自动文本分类引入竞争情报系统,并结合民航客服业的实际应用场景展开研究。在对文本分类的理论基础进行研究与分析的基础上,设计一种自动分类策略,其核心是针对传统机器学习方法依赖历史数据的局限,优化特征选择和学习样本获取方法。选用SVM算法,详细描述分类词表构建、分类规则提取、分类模型训练等过程,最终取得较为理想的实际效果。     

Content Analysis of Restrictive Publisher Copyright Policies for Electronic Reserves

ABSTRACT

A case study of a large urban academic library with an established electronic reserve system and copyright management database was attempted in order to analyze restrictions in publishers' electronic reserve copyright policies. The researcher proposed that publishers' electronic reserve copyright policies and the treatment of copyright permission requests restrict what and how much can be made available to students on an electronic reserve system. Background research on fair use, copyright laws, and library and publisher policies and positions on electronic reserve copyright issues is presented. The research methodology is outlined and analysis tools are explained. The results of the study and suggestions for future research are discussed. Appendices include samples of the analysis tools.     

Text Mining and Subject Analysis for Fiction; or,Using Machine Learning and Information Extraction to Assign Subject Headings to Dime Novels

Abstract

This article describes multiple experiments in text mining at Northern Illinois University that were undertaken to improve the efficiency and accuracy of cataloging. It focuses narrowly on subject analysis of dime novels, a format of inexpensive fiction that was popular in the United States between 1860 and 1915. NIU holds more than 55,000 dime novels in its collections, which it is in the process of comprehensively digitizing. Classification, keyword extraction, named-entity recognition, clustering, and topic modeling are discussed as means of assigning subject headings to improve their discoverability by researchers and to increase the productivity of digitization workflows.     

Text Messaging the Reference Desk: Using Upside Wireless' SMS-to-Email to Extend Reference Service

The author discusses “Text a Librarian,” a short message service-to-email service provided via Upside Wireless, Inc., a Canadian telecommunications provider. Any user of the University of Virginia Library who has a cell phone and text messaging capability can send a text message to a local phone number provided by Upside Wireless. Upside's “virtual SMS channel,” which forwards the message to the Library's reference e-mail account. Librarians then respond to the query with an e-mail message that the user receives as a text message on his or her cell phone. This article describes the process by which a library developed the idea for the service and decided to contract with Upside, as well as staffing for the service and the challenges, successes, and possible new directions. A brief survey of the SMS reference landscape is included.     

按保持原貌原则著录文后参考文献

根据参考文献应具备的检索功能和回溯要求,针对文后参考文献著录中存在的错误和不规范问题,提出按照保持原貌原则进行文后参考文献著录的建议,同时,梳理了参考文献中常见的问题.     

农业科技论文中“材料与方法”的审编

综合多年来的编校工作经验,对农业科技论文"材料与方法"部分出现的细节性问题进行了研究,从研究区概况、取样和测定方法、数据统计分析方法等几方面进行总结分析,并提出了提高编辑自身学术素质、保持学术质疑态度、注意总结规律和经验等措施。     

News Media's Rhetoric on Facebook

ABSTRACT

While Facebook is an important distribution channel for today's media houses, there is a lack of research on how news outlets choose to present their stories in social media. The present study aims to narrow this gap by analysing two weeks of Facebook updates by the Norwegian tabloid Dagbladet and the public-service broadcaster NRK and comparing them to the corresponding stories on their news sites. An important objective is to uncover if and how the Facebook updates depart from established text norms for online papers. The method is triangulated. A quantitative content analysis reveals that newsrooms tend to utilize a wider range of speech acts when writing presentations specifically for Facebook. A follow-up qualitative analysis identifies five rhetorical strategies for unique promo texts on Facebook: adding emojis, posing questions, making requests, expressing emotions and stating subjective points of view. Qualitative interviews with responsible journalists confirm that these strategies are more common the less controversial the stories are. However, the newsrooms have few explicit guidelines for when it is acceptable to transgress traditional journalistic text norms. The findings are summarized in a model that connects the continuum of decreasing story controversy to a corresponding continuum of increasingly interpretative and subjective rhetoric.     

Using Topic Modeling to Enhance Access to Library Digital Collections

ABSTRACT

Information centers are increasingly being confronted with the challenges of shifting information environments. The development of a digital information society has dictated that libraries devise strategies to capture, describe, and provide access to these digital documents in addition to physical formats. This is nowhere more apparent than in the field of government information. With a public access mandate and a distribution model that has forever been destabilized by the development of low barrier Web publishing technologies, libraries providing access to government information face more challenges than ever. This article looks at the possibility of using topic modeling to increase access to the growing number of poorly described digital texts distributed to libraries and archives. The article provides a basic overview of what topic modeling is and its potential applications in libraries, describes some popular tools and potential workflows, and illustrates how the author tested a potential workflow.